确定多销售一个单位产生的额外收益——对设置利润最大化的产出水平很有用。
Linear demand: P = a − bQ. Marginal revenue: MR = a − 2bQ
Revenue function: R = aQ + bQ². Marginal revenue: MR = a + 2bQ
Marginal revenue: MR = ΔTR / ΔQ
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